International Handbook on Education Development in the Asia-Pacific

This chapter analyses vocational education and training (VET) systems in four Asian and two African countries. Comparative research of VET systems suggests that they differ in terms of the nature and extent of specialization (when learners move from general to vocational education, how many learners…

Young people pursuing employment along with their studies or soon after they complete their education in Singapore often experience hardship as a "normal" part of their work and life. This chapter focuses on how hardship serves to foster youth identity creation in line with neoliberal ideals of ente…

There has been a significant body of literature produced by Asian researchers that describes how twenty-first century competencies are recontextualized into educational policies, translated into comprehensive plans for implementation, and taught in schools and classrooms in various Asian contexts. H…

Future work will likely be characterized by the need for workplace innovation and workers' continuous learning. Both can be partially or wholly addressed through work activities and interactions. Responding to changing requirements of occupational practice and workplace practices involves initiating…

In this chapter, we discuss technical and vocational education and training (TVET) educators' perspectives on Vietnam's skill needs, as a basis for questioning the country's policy approach to skill formation. From our analysis, Vietnam's current policies are flawed in their assumptions and as a res…

The arrival of digitalization has shifted the landscape of work and also the skills profile within many occupations in the world. These issues have become deepseated within the discourse around the research and policy agendas of many countries, including Brunei. One of these recurrent agendas concer…

Japan is an aging society facing a demographic problem because of the low birth rate. Therefore, the workforce in Japanese companies is getting older. As a hightech country with rapidly changing technical and organizational requirements, the demand for lifelong learning is higher and getting more im…