The recent Covid-19 social distance measures highlighted the need for efficient and effective interoperable electronic services. Public Administrations invest a lot in offering such services and implement actions to close the advance digital skill gap of the Public Administration officials. This paper presents the digital skills policy, frameworks for citizens and professionals, the respective profiles and roles that were developed during the last decade in Europe, focusing on Interoperability. Important case studies such as the National Digital Academy for Citizen in Greece, the ISA Interoperability Academy are being analysed against the above-mentioned frameworks. Finally, the practices of the Greek National Centre of Public Administration and Local Government are being presented, including Open Collaborative Courseware initiatives and a significant reorganisation of the face-to-face courses in online courses. The results from 147 real cases show that process-based learning can improve service interoperability prospects and enhance interoperability capabilities and competencies in public administration. © 2022 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
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