Governments extol the virtues of “seamless” education systems, and prevalent in political discourse is the notion of pathways. Discussion involving pathways must inevitably consider their context—educational systems and labor markets. The first part draws on the international literature to examine the key themes of educational pathways, skills formation systems and labor markets. Most studies come from European perspectives, are school-based and concerned with young people's entrances into labor markets. The second part therefore focuses on Australian VET, as this system is largely post-secondary and focused more on whole of life and careers. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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