Collaborative digital learning (CDL) has been a trend since the 4.0 era and has grown in popularity in the aftermath of the COVID-19 outbreak. This study is a literature review that aims to examine the existing literature on CDL and virtual learning environments (VLEs), with a specific focus on their application in mathematics classes. The data was collected by compiling all published articles from the past five years and then analyzing the information to draw conclusions. Content analysis approaches were utilized for descriptive and thematic data analysis. The findings of this study indicate that the use of computer-based learning (CBL) as a VLE has been successfully adopted and is quite useful in remote learning, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on these findings, it is recommended to develop a CBL VLE to assess its impact on mathematics education in schools, especially on metacognitive abilities in problem-solving. © 2024 by the authors of this article. Published under CC-BY.
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