Literature reviews related to learning media are important in determining the reference of innovation and sustainable research. This study describes the types of learning media innovations that already exist, the problems faced, and the development model applied in developing engineering drawing learning media innovations in Vocational High Schools (VHS) as engineering education at the high school level. A systematic literature review of scientific articles published between 2020 and 2024. The results of this study reveal that most learning media innovations focus on developing learning materials and techniques, while fewer innovations develop the learning environment. The problems behind the existing innovations are mainly caused by difficulty in understanding engineering drawing materials, especially orthographic projections, less innovative teachers, and learning resources that are still conventional and non-standard. Research and development of engineering drawings is generally carried out using the 4D, ADDIE, Borg & Gall models. Evidence from these studies suggests that future engineering drawing teaching and learning should be conducted with a real-world approach by presenting the shape of the components or mechanical parts. One of the most plausible research agendas is to develop learning media using 3D print technology for component modeling or tangible forms to support the learning process. It goes beyond vocational education. However, it can also apply to engineering education for pre-service teachers, technical training, and university engineering education. Engineering drawing is a mandatory subject, a fundamental knowledge and skill that students must learn. © 2025 TEMPUS Publications.
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