Article Gold Open Access 2025

Adaptations in Youths’ Willingness to Be Spatially Mobile: Influence of Status Aspirations and Regional Disparities

Social Inclusion
Journal · Vol. 13 · Art. 9880
Abstract

Spatial mobility is key to facilitating successful transitions into vocational education and training (VET), especially for youths from disadvantaged regions. In line with the agency‐structure framework, the decision to become mobile is conceptualized as an adaptive strategy that young people employ to achieve their goals when faced with persistent challenges or regional barriers. This study investigates how youths applying for VET adapt their willingness to be spatially mobile over time. It examines the influence of occupational status aspirations and the regional opportunity structure on this decision‐making process. Using data from the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), multilevel growth curve models are estimated to analyze adaptations in the mobility radius of VET applicants over up to three years (N = 1,017). To assess the regional opportunity structure, small‐scale administrative geospatial data on the availability of youths’ aspired occupations are used as an individualized indicator of regional mismatch. The results show that VET applicants’ willingness to be mobile increases over time. High‐status aspirations are consistently associated with a greater willingness to be mobile, largely independent of search duration or regional mismatch. Conversely, VET applicants with lower status aspirations exhibit notable adaptations, adjusting their mobility radius, particularly in response to increasing search duration or regional mismatch. These findings highlight the complex interplay between individual aspirations and the regional opportunity structure in shaping adaptations in the willingness to become mobile of unsuccessful VET applicants. © 2025 by the author(s), licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY).

Keywords

Author Keywords

agency and structure regional disparities school‐to‐VET transitions spatial mobility status aspirations

Index Keywords

Author Affiliations
Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB), Bonn, Germany
Funding & Acknowledgements
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF
Funding text 1: This article was written as part of the junior research group Career Orientations and Their Realization: Young People\u2019s Transitions to Vocational Education and Training in a Spatial Context, based at the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB). The work of the research groups is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Open access publication of this article was funded by the Open Access Publication Fund of the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB).; Funding text 2: I would like to thank the editors of the thematic issue and the anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback. I am also very grateful to Professor Alexandra Wicht (University of Siegen and Federal Institute of Vocational Education and Training, Germany) for her valuable supervision in preparing this article. Earlier versions of this research were presented at the ISA World Congress of Sociology (June 30, 2023, Melbourne, Australia), the RC 28 Spring Meeting (May 18, 2024, Shanghai, China), the 16th Conference of the European Sociological Association (August 24, 2024, Porto, Portugal), and the 31st annual workshop \u201CTransitions in Youth\u201D (September 5, 2025, Warsaw, Poland). I would like to thank the participants for their helpful feedback. This article was written as part of the junior research group Career Orientations and Their Realization: Young People\u2019s Transitions to Vocational Education and Training in a Spatial Context, based at the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB). The work of the research groups is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Open access publication of this article was funded by the Open Access Publication Fund of the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB).
Universität Siegen
Funding text 1: This article was written as part of the junior research group Career Orientations and Their Realization: Young People\u2019s Transitions to Vocational Education and Training in a Spatial Context, based at the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB). The work of the research groups is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Open access publication of this article was funded by the Open Access Publication Fund of the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB).; Funding text 2: I would like to thank the editors of the thematic issue and the anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback. I am also very grateful to Professor Alexandra Wicht (University of Siegen and Federal Institute of Vocational Education and Training, Germany) for her valuable supervision in preparing this article. Earlier versions of this research were presented at the ISA World Congress of Sociology (June 30, 2023, Melbourne, Australia), the RC 28 Spring Meeting (May 18, 2024, Shanghai, China), the 16th Conference of the European Sociological Association (August 24, 2024, Porto, Portugal), and the 31st annual workshop \u201CTransitions in Youth\u201D (September 5, 2025, Warsaw, Poland). I would like to thank the participants for their helpful feedback. This article was written as part of the junior research group Career Orientations and Their Realization: Young People\u2019s Transitions to Vocational Education and Training in a Spatial Context, based at the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB). The work of the research groups is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Open access publication of this article was funded by the Open Access Publication Fund of the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB).
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