When examining issues of transferring experiences and practices of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) from one country to another, there is a clear challenge of taking into account the context of both sides. For referencing the context, we use the concept of the typology of regulatory patterns of classical European TVET models. By this means, we look at the cultural meaning systems of a society, i.e. we can address the question of what is considered to be good vocational education and training there and what social-cultural practices have been agreed upon. At the meso level of our analysis, we look at the conditions that result from the prevailing work culture in the respective sector. We illustrate the range and the possible applications of the analytical tools with a case study on vocational education and training in Azerbaijan. We use these tools to analyse the current TVET in Azerbaijan. And we give some recommendations for future development paths of the Azerbaijan TVET towards more dual elements concerning the existing realties in the country. At the same time, we explain the methodological approach which is required for a successful processing when trying to understand previously unknown VET characteristics. © 2026 selection and editorial matter, Oscar Valiente, Srabani Maitra, Philipp Gonon and Matthias Pilz; individual chapters, the contributors.
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