Article 2025

STRUCTURAL DISPARITIES BETWEEN ECONOMICS EDUCATION OUTPUT AND LABOUR MARKET DEMAND: EVIDENCE FROM LONGITUDINAL DATA ON BUSINESS GRADUATES

International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies
Journal · Vol. 17 · Issue 2 · pp. 384-406
Abstract

This investigation examines the structural misalignment between the outcomes of economics instruction and the capabilities sought within the labour market, drawing upon a continuous dataset that tracks business graduates across a five-year span. Although the university is recognised for its robust academic standing, a noticeable drop in employment uptake among economics graduates indicates a disconnect between the competencies embedded within the curriculum and the proficiencies organisations expect. Adopting a longitudinal approach, the analysis synthesises graduate-level academic and employment information with labour market indicators obtained from regional recruitment advertisements and employer-based surveys. Competency mapping, indices designed to assess skill congruence, and regression analyses are utilised to measure the extent to which educational outputs correspond with workplace expectations. The outcomes demonstrate pronounced deficiencies in core capabilities including analytical handling of data, critical problem-solving, and effective communication, all of which are instrumental for occupational achievement. Responses from employers reinforce these observations, offering further clarity regarding skill areas insufficiently represented in current instructional frameworks. The inquiry ends by proposing targeted curricular refinements such as embedding applied learning components, fostering industry-focused project work, and widening collaboration with employers, with the objective of enhancing graduate readiness for the continuously shifting labour market landscape. © 2025, Social Sciences Research Society. All rights reserved.

Keywords

Author Keywords

Curriculum reform Graduate employability Economics Education Labour Market Demand Skill Alignment

Index Keywords

Author Affiliations
School of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Funding & Acknowledgements
No funding information
References 10 References
1 Alanazi, Adel Saber, Bridging Higher Education Outcomes and Labour Market Needs: A Study of Jouf University Graduates in the Context of Vision 2030, Social Sciences, 12, 6, (2023)
2 Amber, Hina, Patterns and Causes of Female Labor Force Participation: An Age–Period–Cohort Analysis for Pakistan, Population Research and Policy Review, 42, 2, (2023)
3 Andersson, Anton B., Social capital and self-efficacy in the process of youth entry into the labour market: Evidence from a longitudinal study in Sweden, Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 71, (2021)
4 Ariansyah, Kasmad, Comparing labor market performance of vocational and general school graduates in Indonesia: insights from stable and crisis conditions, Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training, 16, 1, (2024)
5 Bae, Yeonho, The labor market impacts of graduating from university during a recession: evidence and mechanisms, Empirical Economics, 64, 2, pp. 931-958, (2023)
6 Becker, Rolf, Changes in the returns to education at entry into the labour market in West Germany, Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, 13, 1, pp. 61-86, (2022)
7 Brophy, Sean, Field of study and the subjective labour market outcomes of UK graduates: examining meaningful work, career progression, and skills utilisation, Studies in Higher Education, 50, 5, pp. 974-987, (2025)
8 Buenstorf, Guido, Expansion of doctoral training and doctorate recipients’ labour market outcomes: evidence from German register data, Studies in Higher Education, 48, 8, pp. 1216-1242, (2023)
9 Cheng, Zhiming, Labour Force Participation and Employment of Humanitarian Migrants: Evidence from the Building a New Life in Australia Longitudinal Data, Journal of Business Ethics, 168, 4, pp. 697-720, (2021)
10 Chigbu, Bianca Ifeoma, Data-Driven Leadership in Higher Education: Advancing Sustainable Development Goals and Inclusive Transformation, Sustainability (Switzerland), 17, 7, (2025)
Quick Actions
Full Text via DOI
Citation Metrics
0
Times Cited (Scopus)

References 10
Document Identifiers