Article 2014

Forging harmony in the social organism: Industry and the power of psychometric techniques

History of Education
Journal · Vol. 43 · Issue 5 · pp. 592-614
Abstract

This article analyses the initiating role of the steel industry in educational selection by means of psychometric techniques used in the psycho-physiological laboratory associated with a vocational school in Luxembourg founded in 1914. It first considers the origins of, and initial meanings bestowed upon, this first (and perhaps also last) Luxembourg Laboratory of Psychophysiology. Second, it investigates whether and, if so, to what extent psychometric techniques developed in this laboratory for vocational orientation were used strategically to foster an ethic of individual harmony by means of objectified observation and categorisation of the aptitude. What hidden agendas underpinned the industry’s rhetoric regarding the rebirth of the individual and the empowerment of personal vocation through science-oriented processes like quantification, measurement and rational assessment? Did such rhetoric legitimise the industry’s self-image as a privileged force in structuring the social fabric as well as individual lives? © 2014 Taylor & Francis.

Keywords

Author Keywords

Vocational training industry Pedology Pedotechnics Professional orientation Psychophysiology Test equipment

Index Keywords

Author Affiliations
Université de Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg
Funding & Acknowledgements
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, FNR
6See, e.g., Karin Priem and Geert Thyssen, ‘Fragmented Utopia: Luxembourgian Industrialists, Intellectual Networks and Social-Educational Reforms between Tradition and Avant-Garde’, Jahrbuch für Historische Bildungsforschung 19 (2013): 106–26; Nadine Schmitz, ‘Le paternalisme d’Émile Mayrisch’ [The Paternalism of Emile Mayrisch], in Terres Rouges: Histoire de la Sidérurgie Luxembourgeoise [Red Earth: History of the Luxembourg Steel Industry], ed. Charles Barthel and Josée Kirps (Luxembourg: Ministère d’Etat, Ministère de la Culture, mediArt, 2011), 104–53. 7This study was carried out within the framework of the research project Fabricating Modern Societies: Industries of Reform as Educational Responses to Societal Challenges (ca. 1880– 1930) funded by the Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg (FNR). FAMOSO focuses on the historical importance of industrial entrepreneurship in formal and non-formal education in industrialised societies. Its primary research objective is to analyse a variety of reforms pursued by captains of industry that have been termed ‘progressive’ and are assumed to have had an educational quality and purpose. The project also wishes to investigate the kinds of interests and societal challenges and risks they intended to meet, and focuses on working and lower-middle-class adults, children and youth. In particular, it methodically studies these reforms as interconnected and key contributions to the industry and associated intellectual networks (principal investigator: Prof. Dr Karin Priem; collaborators: Dr Geert Thyssen, Dr Frederik Herman, Dr Klaus Dittrich, and, previously, Dr Enric Novella).
Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg, FNR
6See, e.g., Karin Priem and Geert Thyssen, ‘Fragmented Utopia: Luxembourgian Industrialists, Intellectual Networks and Social-Educational Reforms between Tradition and Avant-Garde’, Jahrbuch für Historische Bildungsforschung 19 (2013): 106–26; Nadine Schmitz, ‘Le paternalisme d’Émile Mayrisch’ [The Paternalism of Emile Mayrisch], in Terres Rouges: Histoire de la Sidérurgie Luxembourgeoise [Red Earth: History of the Luxembourg Steel Industry], ed. Charles Barthel and Josée Kirps (Luxembourg: Ministère d’Etat, Ministère de la Culture, mediArt, 2011), 104–53. 7This study was carried out within the framework of the research project Fabricating Modern Societies: Industries of Reform as Educational Responses to Societal Challenges (ca. 1880– 1930) funded by the Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg (FNR). FAMOSO focuses on the historical importance of industrial entrepreneurship in formal and non-formal education in industrialised societies. Its primary research objective is to analyse a variety of reforms pursued by captains of industry that have been termed ‘progressive’ and are assumed to have had an educational quality and purpose. The project also wishes to investigate the kinds of interests and societal challenges and risks they intended to meet, and focuses on working and lower-middle-class adults, children and youth. In particular, it methodically studies these reforms as interconnected and key contributions to the industry and associated intellectual networks (principal investigator: Prof. Dr Karin Priem; collaborators: Dr Geert Thyssen, Dr Frederik Herman, Dr Klaus Dittrich, and, previously, Dr Enric Novella).
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